Tetrahymena cells that are not forming a digestive vacuole often have a tube-like extension of the cytopharyngeal membrane attached to the deep fiber that extends several microns into the cytoplasm. T...

The entire membrane of the phagolysosome does appear to have been changed into that similar to the lysosome membrane which bears a thick glycocalyx (polysaccharide coat) and no longer appears to be li...

A freeze-fracture image of a DV-II transforming into a DV-III by rapid fusion of lysosomes with its membrane. The P-face shown here of the early DV-III has abundant IMPs as well as many inward blebs (...

Detail of fractured early Digestion Vacuole-III membrane showing the many IMPs on the P-fracture faces of the lysosomal membranes that had just fused with the DV. The membrane will smooth out as the p...

Following digestion, that only occurs in the phagolysosome (DV-III), the membrane of these DVs undergoes extensive tubulation. These tubules are ~45nm in diameter and arise from the cytosolic surface ...

The tubules arising from late DV-III expand at their distal ends into rounded shapes. These expanded ends contain a glycocalyx like the secondary lysosomes and large IMPs also like secondary lysosomes...

11 micrographs are views of a serially-sectioned contracted Vorticella convallaria cell that show the main features of this cell. This figure shows 5 food vacuoles; 3 segments of the macronucleus; per...

A bundle of microtubules that arises from a basal body adjacent to the cytoproct comes to lie along a spent DV-IV. The assumption is that movement generated by molecular motors propels the spent vacuo...

The tubules arising from late DV-III expand at their distal ends into rounded shapes. These expanded ends contain a glycocalyx like the secondary lysosomes and large IMPs also like secondary lysosomes...

Secondary lysosomes contain a lumen in quick-freeze deep-etch (QF-DE) images resembling etched matrix proteins rather than the honeycomb appearance of acidosomes. Lysosomes often have one or more para...